There are mainly three types of fork sensors used in industrial automation — optical fork sensors, ultrasonic fork sensors, and infrared fork sensors. Each type follows the same working structure, where a transmitter and receiver are placed opposite each other in a U-shaped frame. When an object passes through the slot, it interrupts the beam and the sensor detects it. This simple yet precise principle makes fork sensors ideal for label detection, counting, and edge positioning in packaging and printing machines.
The optical fork sensor is the most common type used in manufacturing industries. It works using a visible or infrared light beam. When the light is blocked by an object, the sensor sends a signal to indicate detection. These sensors are compact, easy to mount, and deliver accurate switching at high speeds. Optical fork sensors are perfect for applications like label detection, mark sensing, and component counting, where precision and fast response are required.
The ultrasonic fork sensor works on sound wave technology instead of light. It detects materials that are transparent, reflective, or uneven in texture. Because light sensors may fail to recognize such objects, ultrasonic types are preferred in packaging lines using transparent film, plastic sheets, or glass surfaces. They are also more stable in environments affected by light reflections or color variations.
Finally, infrared fork sensors are designed for dusty, humid, or outdoor industrial conditions. They are less affected by dirt buildup and maintain reliable performance even when exposed to contamination. Infrared sensors ensure strong detection where optical sensors might face interference. In short, all three types — optical, ultrasonic, and infrared — play vital roles in automation, helping industries achieve accurate detection, high speed, and long-term reliability.